History of Cape Verde

The recorded history of Cape Verde begins with Portuguese discovery in 1456. Possible early references go back around 2000 years.

Cape Verde (/ˌkeɪp ˈvɜːrd/) or Cabo Verde (/ˌkɑːboʊ ˈvɜːrdeɪ/, /ˌkæb-/) (Portuguese: Cabo Verde, pronounced [ˈkaβu ˈveɾðɨ]), officially the Republic of Cabo Verde,[9] is an island country spanning an archipelago of 10 volcanic islands in the central Atlantic Ocean. Located 570 kilometres (350 mi) west of the Cape Verde Peninsula in West Africa, the islands cover a combined area of slightly over 4,000 square kilometres (1,500 sq mi).

The Cape Verde archipelago was uninhabited until the 15th century, when Portuguese explorers discovered and colonized the islands, establishing the first European settlement in the tropics. Ideally located for the Atlantic slave trade, the islands grew prosperous throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, attracting merchants, privateers, and pirates. The end of slavery in the 19th century led to economic decline and emigration. Cape Verde gradually recovered as an important commercial center and stopover for shipping routes. Incorporated as an overseas department of Portugal in 1951, the islands continued to agitate for independence, which was peacefully achieved in 1975.

Since the early 1990s, Cape Verde has been a stable representative democracy, and remains one of the most developed and democratic countries in Africa. Lacking natural resources, its developing economy is mostly service-oriented, with a growing focus on tourism and foreign investment. Its population of around 512,000 is mostly of mixed African, Moorish, Arab and European heritage, and predominantly Roman Catholic, reflecting the legacy of Portuguese rule. A sizeable diaspora community exists across the world, slightly outnumbering inhabitants on the islands.

Historically, the name "Cape Verde" has been used in English for the archipelago and, since independence in 1975, for the country. In 2013, the Cape Verdean government determined that the Portuguese designation Cabo Verde would henceforth be used for official purposes, such as at the United Nations, even in English contexts. Cape Verde is a member of the African Union.

Sejarah tercatat Cape Verde bermula dengan penemuan Portugis pada 1456. rujukan mungkin awal kembali sekitar 2000 tahun.

Cape Verde (/ ˌkeɪp vɜːrd /) atau Cabo Verde (/ ˌkɑːboʊ vɜːrdeɪ /, / ˌkæb- /) (Portugis: Cabo Verde, disebut [kaβu veɾðɨ]), secara rasmi Republik Cabo Verde, [9] adalah sebuah negara pulau yang merangkumi gugusan 10 pulau-pulau gunung berapi di Lautan Atlantik pusat. Terletak 570 kilometer (350 batu) barat Cape Verde Peninsula di Afrika Barat, pulau-pulau meliputi kawasan yang gabungan sedikit lebih 4,000 kilometer persegi (1,500 batu persegi).

Cape Verde Nusantara telah didiami sehingga abad ke-15, apabila Portugis peneroka ditemui dan dijajah pulau-pulau, mewujudkan penyelesaian Eropah pertama di kawasan tropika. Terletak untuk perdagangan hamba Atlantic, pulau-pulau berkembang makmur sepanjang abad ke-16 dan ke-17, menarik pedagang, privateers, dan lanun. Akhir perhambaan di abad ke-19 membawa kepada kemerosotan ekonomi dan penghijrahan. Cape Verde beransur-ansur pulih sebagai pusat perdagangan yang penting dan persinggahan bagi laluan perkapalan. Diperbadankan sebagai sebuah jabatan di luar negara daripada Portugal pada tahun 1951, pulau-pulau terus kemarahan kemerdekaan, yang aman dicapai pada tahun 1975.

Sejak awal 1990-an, Cape Verde telah menjadi demokrasi perwakilan stabil, dan kekal sebagai salah satu negara yang paling maju dan demokratik di Afrika. Kekurangan sumber semula jadi, ekonomi membangun kebanyakannya berorientasikan perkhidmatan, dengan tumpuan yang semakin meningkat kepada pelancongan dan pelaburan asing. penduduknya yang berjumlah sekitar 512,000 kebanyakannya campuran Afrika, Moor, warisan Arab dan Eropah, dan kebanyakannya Roman Katolik, mencerminkan legasi pemerintahan Portugis. A masyarakat diaspora besar wujud di seluruh dunia, sedikit mengatasi penduduk di pulau-pulau.

Dari segi sejarah, nama "Cape Verde" telah digunakan dalam bahasa Inggeris untuk Nusantara dan, sejak kemerdekaan pada tahun 1975, untuk negara. Pada tahun 2013, kerajaan Cape Verdean ditentukan bahawa penamaan itu Portugis Cabo Verde akan selepas ini digunakan untuk tujuan rasmi, seperti di PBB, walaupun dalam konteks bahasa Inggeris. Cape Verde adalah ahli Kesatuan Afrika.